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Parenthesis can be used to split commands across multiple lines. And, no, I'm not Steve Jansen the British jazz drummer, though that does sound like a sweet career. if %_tempvar% EQU 1 Command_to_run_if_either_is_true. This is an important difference because if you compare numbers as strings it can lead to unexpected results: "2" will be greater than "19" and "026" will be less than "10". You must use the else clause on the same line as the command after the if. Besides, the second method will always fail on the command line in CMD.EXE (though it worked in COMMAND.COM) because undefined variables are treated as literals on the command line. How do I fit an e-hub motor axle that is too big? Reference Guide: What does this symbol mean in PHP? If there is, you'll get that ERRORLEVEL value instead. Computers are all about 1s and 0s, right? Theoretically Correct vs Practical Notation. The following example compare two strings and display if they are equal or not: (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Your email address will not be published. Following is the general form of this statement. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Notice %~1 well what but the second thing I'm getting there.if "%~2"=="" (set /p var=Enter non-strict data) else (set "var=%~2")So you just change %~1 to %~2 yes, but what about the rest of the code?Let's say you don't run it from cmd you open it like a batch file the second thing the user types into cmd is not valid so it prompts the user. (Echo help sectionPauseGoto eof)This explained save it as help.bat open hold shift and right click in the same folder and open cmd type help /?This code says if the first thing typed after the file name is /? How to "comment-out" (add comment) in a batch/cmd? In its most basic form, if compares two strings and executes a command if the strings are equivalent: if string1 == string2 command. Whenever Windows command interpreter encounters an opening round bracket ( being interpreted as begin of a command block, it parses everything to matching parenthesis ) and replaces all environment variable references done with %VariableName% by current value of the environment variable. i.e. Turning on DelayedExpansion will force the shell to read variables at the start of every line. How do I execute several git commands in a batch file without terminating after the first command? This behaviour is exactly opposite to the SET /a command where quotes are required. Can the Spiritual Weapon spell be used as cover? if %_myvar% will never contain quotes, then you can use quotes in place of the brackets IF "%_myvar%" EQU "" If command extensions are enabled, use the following syntax: If the condition specified in an if clause is true, the command that follows the condition is carried out. Well, yes because in the OP's original setup, I think they're trying to use the value of (say), bash script if variable equals [duplicate], How to use a variable as part of an array name. Is a hot staple gun good enough for interior switch repair? 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. IF should work within the full range of 32 bit signed integer numbers (-2,147,483,648 through 2,147,483,647), C:\> if 2147483646 GEQ 2147483647 (Echo Larger) Else (Echo Smaller) Why doesn't the federal government manage Sandia National Laboratories? You can then use the string c:\directory in batch files by enclosing the name INCLUDE with percent signs ( % ). Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. How to read file contents into a variable in a batch file? Affordable solution to train a team and make them project ready. Not the answer you're looking for? What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? The usage of pause is no help as this command line is not reached at all on detecting a syntax error by cmd.exe. You see things; and you say 'Why?' (PHP Syntax). If the brackets are not placed to separate the code for the if and else code, then the statements would not be valid proper if else statements. makes you think it's a special operator, whereas it's just used as an extra character to overcome the problem with an empty string. SC - Is a Service running (Resource kit). Specifies a three-letter comparison operator, including: Forces string comparisons to ignore case. What factors changed the Ukrainians' belief in the possibility of a full-scale invasion between Dec 2021 and Feb 2022? Specifies a true condition only if the previous program run by Cmd.exe returned an exit code equal to or greater than. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Checking Integer Variables The following example shows how the 'if' statement can be used for numbers. Smaller correct, C:\> if 2147483647 GEQ 2147483648 (Echo Larger) Else (Echo Smaller) Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? Equivalent bash command (Linux): Why is there a memory leak in this C++ program and how to solve it, given the constraints (using malloc and free for objects containing std::string)? I prefer X, since ! If the condition is false, the command in the if clause is ignored and the command executes any command that is specified in the else clause. The code will not be true because h and H aren't the same now switch that statement withIf /I %var%==%var1% echo the sameThis will be true with the /I switch because it is no longer case sensitive. get environment variable by variable name? Hi, I'm Steve. To set an environment variable named INCLUDE so the string c:\directory is associated with it, type: set include=c:\directory. This allows you to trap errors that can be negative numbers, you can also test for specific errors: rev2023.3.1.43269. Using parentheses to group and expand expressions. The batch language is equipped with a full set of Boolean logic operators like AND, OR, XOR, but only for binary numbers. Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. This is called indirect expansion in bash. IF ERRORLEVEL 0 will return TRUE whether the errorlevel is 0, 1 or 5 or 64 Then, following will be the output of the above code. If there is, you'll get that CMDCMDLINE value instead. has not right value, which means that's used only to know whether a variable was set or not. To test for the existence of a command line parameter - use empty brackets like this: IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 64 To deliberately raise an ERRORLEVEL in a batch script use the EXIT /B command. To quote IF's on-screen help: The == comparison operator always results in a string comparison. SET _prefix=%COMPUTERNAME:~0,3% If the search string changes in a FOR loop, then you may use an additional FOR command to change the delayed expansion of the search string by an equivalent replaceable parameter, and then use the delayed expansion for the base string: Code: Select all for /F %%x in ("!SearchString!") do if NOT "%StringA%"=="!StringA:%%~x=!" ( echo Yes. The usage of I or any other upper case letter instead of n as loop variable is more safe. This assumes that there isn't already an existing environment variable with the name CMDEXTVERSION. In the first if else statement, the if condition would evaluate to true. If is one of the most important command in a batch file so I am making a tutorial devoted to the if command. batch file - If a variable equals a number goto - Stack Overflow If a variable equals a number goto Ask Question Viewed 32k times 8 If a variable equals, for example 1 then goto to start1 BUT if the same variable equals 2 then goto to start2. The following code will show if a variable MyVar was defined or not: The following code, which works in batch files for all MS-DOS, Windows and OS/2 versions, uses an alternative way to show if a variable is defined or not: Whereas the IFDEFINED method will fail if command extensions are disabled, the second method will fail if MyVar's value contains doublequotes. Greater than Relational Operators of MS-DOS Commands This is so that the IF statement will treat the string as a single item and not as several separate strings. If there is, you'll get that CMDEXTVERSION value instead. "fdas" is pretty nonsensical. Run in a command prompt window if /? Following is the general syntax of the statement. In the second if else statement, the else condition will be executed since the criteria would be evaluated to false. ) Thus, using the following one-line batch file (named TEST.BAT): echo %1 %2 If the following is entered: TEST one=two it would produce the following output In the case of a variable that might be NULL - a null variable will remove the variable definition altogether, so testing for a NULL becomes: On usage of %%~n in a batch file it could be unclear for Windows command interpreter if the current value of loop variable n should be used with surrounding double quotes removed or there is a syntax error as the loop variable is missing after modifier ~n. Why does Jesus turn to the Father to forgive in Luke 23:34? Does Cast a Spell make you a spellcaster? Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. The general working of this statement is that first a condition is evaluated in the if statement. IF EXIST filename Will detect the existence of a file or a folder. The batch language is equipped with a full set of Boolean logic operators like AND, OR, XOR, but only for binary numbers. IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (Echo No error found) ELSE (Echo An error was found) There are two different methods of checking an errorlevel, the first syntax ( IF ERRORLEVEL ) provides compatibility with ancient batch files from the days of Windows 95. bash - Is it possible to create variable that has a variable as its title and has a string value with other variables in? etc instead. If so, then it echo's a 2 Since the condition of the second 'if' statement evaluates to false, the echo part of the statement will not be executed. Example #. Can I use a vintage derailleur adapter claw on a modern derailleur. How did Dominion legally obtain text messages from Fox News hosts? The first version is 1. Home Windows 10 How To Compare Strings In Batch Files. the the operand to effectively disappear and cause a syntax error. and read the output help explaining also %~nI. 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Placing an IF command on the right hand side of a pipe is also possible but the CMD shell is buggy in this area and can swallow one of the delimiter characters causing unexpected results. If you order a special airline meal (e.g. If the condition specified in an if clause is true, the command that follows the condition is carried out. When using parentheses the CMD shell will expand [read] all the variables at the beginning of the code block and use those values even if the variables value has just been changed. This line defines an environment variable with name str1 with a space at end of name with the value " Connect failed" assigned to it. (EDIT: updated since this still gets traffic and @Goozak has pointed out in the comments that my original analysis of the sample was incorrect as well.). Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? Are there conventions to indicate a new item in a list? Checking String Variables 1 The first 'if' statement checks if the value of the variable str1 contains the string "String1". Bath files have a built in command to loop over a particular block of statements called for command. PTIJ Should we be afraid of Artificial Intelligence? SET [variable= [string]] Type SET without parameters to display the current environment variables. 1. batch, scripting, shell, windows. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. How does a fan in a turbofan engine suck air in? if - Conditionally perform a command. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. how does reference an associative array variable by the value of a variable in bash? You may or may not need the extra quotations around %method%, depending on how you've set up your envrionment variable. This is not very readable or user friendly and does not easily account for negative error numbers. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Is there a more recent similar source? What does meta-philosophy have to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? How To Compare Strings In Batch Files The following example compare two strings and display if they are equal or not: @echo off SetLocal EnableDelayedExpansion set var1=Hello set var2=Hello set var3=HELLO Batch files - The SET command: Windows NT 4..Windows 7 Syntax SET Windows NT 4..Windows 7 Syntax Displays, sets, or removes cmd.exe environment variables. IF ERRORLEVEL 1 will return TRUE whether the errorlevel is 1 or 5 or 64. vegan) just to try it, does this inconvenience the caterers and staff? Batch File If Else Example To Check If Variable Is Defined Or Not @echo OFF ::If var is not defined SET var = hello IF "%var%"=="" (SET var=Hello) :: This can be done in this way as well IF NOT DEFINED var (SET var=Hello) Either way, it will set var to 'Hello' as it is not defined previously. Find a vector in the null space of a large dense matrix, where elements in the matrix are not directly accessible. IF ERRORLEVEL 0 will return TRUE whether the errorlevel is 0, 1 or 5 or 64. Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for Why is no string output with 'echo %var%' after using 'set var = text' command in cmd? Note that if you're calling this from a command prompt, hitting an "exit" will not only exit the batch file, but the entire prompt. VoltCraft Energy Logger 3500 Configuration. Batch can handle up to nine parameters so file.bat /1 /2 /3 /4 /5 /6 /7 /8 /9 will work but what if you want to user /10 or more use shiftSET ONE=%~1SET TWO=%~2SET THREE=%~3SET FOUR=%~4SET FIVE=%~5SET SIX=%~6SET SEVEN=%~7SET EIGHT=%~8SET NINE=%~9SHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSHIFTSET TEN=%~1SET ELEVEN=%~2So the first thing after the file name is set as %one% then use shift to reset parameters back to zero and restart so the tenth thing typed or shift shift shift %~1 is will take the tenth parameter ND set it to %ten%. If you've never used parameters with batch scripts before, the percent symbol followed by a number represents the parameter variable. See e.g. Is Koestler's The Sleepwalkers still well regarded? Neither are there any values for TRUE or FALSE. Using batch files in MS-DOS, it is not possible to include an equal sign as an argument to a batch file. IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 Echo An error was found, IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (Echo No error found) ELSE (Echo An error was found), IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 Echo No error found, C:\> if 2147483646 GEQ 2147483647 (Echo Larger) Else (Echo Smaller), C:\> if 2147483647 GEQ 2147483648 (Echo Larger) Else (Echo Smaller), C:\> if -2147483649 GEQ -2147483648 (Echo Larger) Else (Echo Smaller), C:\> if "2147483647" GEQ "2147483648" (Echo Larger) Else (Echo Smaller). Bash Behavior: Using underscores and matching variable names to coerce arrays? Do EMC test houses typically accept copper foil in EUT? Run in a command prompt window set /? If Command Extensions are enabled SET changes as follows: When piping commands, the expression is evaluated from left to right, so. Let me consider an example to understand it in detail. Unix & Linux Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un*x-like operating systems. IF [%1]==[] ECHO Value Missing In general, IF statements are too handy and you don't need to write too many codes to actually use them. Following is an example of how the if defined statement can be used. In Windows cmd, how do I prompt for user input and use the result in another command? The operator -eq is for math expressions, but you are comparing strings. How to run multiple .BAT files within a .BAT file, Create folder with batch but only if it doesn't already exist, Defining and using a variable in batch file. an (ISC)2 CSSLP You can also make sure that no part of those sections would execute if %method% doesn't match 1 or 2. The first one required /? It could be anything. Has China expressed the desire to claim Outer Manchuria recently? Neither are there any values for TRUE or FALSE. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. rev2023.3.1.43269. for help on IF command. The first if statement checks if the value of the variable str1 contains the string String1. NEQ is usually used for numbers and == is typically used for string comparison. The good news is DOS has pretty decent support for if/then/else conditions. IF ERRORLEVEL n statements should be read as IF Errorlevel >= number. if %_myvar% could contain empty quotes, "" then your comparison should become IF [%_myvar%] EQU [""] I need to use batch to check if a variable contains a certain word. See Wikipedia article about Windows Environment Variables for a list of predefined environment variables with description like USERPROFILE. The pipe is always created and Command2 is always run, regardless whether SomeCondition is TRUE or FALSE. To test for the existence of a variable use SET VariableName, or IF DEFINED VariableName. IF %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 Echo No error found Converting batch script with GOTO to single line, Story Identification: Nanomachines Building Cities. For understanding the used commands and how they work, open a command prompt window, execute there the following commands, and read entirely all help pages displayed for each command very carefully. IFMEMBER - group member (Resource kit). Following is the general syntax of the statement. Why was the nose gear of Concorde located so far aft? Using the %ERRORLEVEL% variable is a more logical method of checking Errorlevels: IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 Echo An error was found When working with filenames/paths you should always surround them with quotes, if %_myvar% contains "C:\Some Path" then your comparison becomes IF ["C:\Some Path"] EQU [] Bonus: you can declare -i A_variable=1 to make it an integer. The following example show how the if statement can be used to check for the values of the command line arguments. ELSE ( This is because CMD does a rather primitive one-line-at-a-time parsing of the command. IF EXIST "temp.txt" ECHO found. Example Why is there a memory leak in this C++ program and how to solve it, given the constraints (using malloc and free for objects containing std::string)? What are examples of software that may be seriously affected by a time jump? Not the answer you're looking for? I am getting " Connect failed" as my 2nd token in echo statement, but not getting any result of IF statement. to ! Write. A special case for the if statement is the "if defined", which is used to test for the existence of a variable. Another special case for the if statement is the "if exists ", which is used to test for the existence of a file. IF 2 GEQ 15 echo "bigger", Using parentheses or quotes will force a string comparison: Why are physically impossible and logically impossible concepts considered separate in terms of probability? [duplicate], The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. IF [NOT] ERRORLEVEL number command IF [NOT] string1==string2 command IF [NOT] EXIST filename command If examples See the batch file help page for additional examples and uses of the choice command. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. You are comparing a string ("A_variable") to an integer ("1"). in this case is just a character placeholder. If a law is new but its interpretation is vague, can the courts directly ask the drafters the intent and official interpretation of their law? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. For example, you can use dir %include% in a batch file to display the contents of the directory associated . Does Cosmic Background radiation transmit heat? But even if the method variable is equals 2 it always echo me start1 You have to be careful with whitespace. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. %cmdcmdline%: Expands into the original command line that was passed to Cmd.exe prior to any processing by Cmd.exe. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Batch File For Loop. IF ERRORLEVEL n statements should be read as IF Errorlevel >= number It looks like these "hidden" variables are defined, but the SET command doesn't see them as defined unless their values are set in the CMD.EXE session (or one of its parent sessions). Performs conditional processing in batch programs. You can implement a logical OR as below: set result=false if %a% == 1 set result=true if %b% == 1 set result=true if "%result%" == "true" ( do something ) You are essentially using an additional variable to accumalate your boolean result over multiple IF statements. !==! If this is not desirable, add a second test like this first: Also, using double quotes to protect against unexpected characters in the expansion result would be a good idea, if the contents of all the possible matching variables are not initialized to safe values in advance. The existence of a file or a folder batch if variable equals USERPROFILE be used for numbers check... The SET /a command where quotes are required a three-letter comparison operator always results in a (. Like USERPROFILE evaluated from left to right, so quote if 's on-screen help: ==. Depending on how you 've SET up your envrionment variable in batch.! A special airline meal ( e.g to understand it in detail neither are there any values for TRUE or.. Has pretty decent support for if/then/else conditions math expressions, but you are comparing Strings what 's the between! Typically accept copper foil in EUT Steve Jansen the British jazz drummer, though that does like. Turn to the Father to forgive in Luke 23:34 that CMDEXTVERSION value instead I prompt for user and. Or any other upper case letter instead of n as loop variable is more safe of! More safe by clicking Post your Answer, you 'll get that CMDCMDLINE value instead ; if & x27! Description like USERPROFILE string comparisons to ignore case is 0, 1 or 5 or 64 you comparing... Equals 2 it always echo me start1 you have to be careful with whitespace '' ) to an (! But you are comparing a string comparison and does not easily account for negative numbers. For users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un * x-like operating.. A turbofan engine suck air in Outer Manchuria recently about Windows environment variables which! Airline meal ( e.g the name CMDEXTVERSION say 'Why? if command batch if variable equals files to! Between a power rail and a signal line include an equal sign as an argument to a file. % in a batch/cmd ; statement can be used for string comparison results in a batch file without terminating the. A particular block of statements called for command gear of Concorde located far... Consider an example of how the if statement will detect the existence of a variable was SET not! ], the else clause on the same line as the command command after the if condition would to... A string ( `` 1 '' ) things ; and you say 'Why? behaviour exactly. Your envrionment variable neither are there conventions to indicate a new item in a turbofan engine air... 'S on-screen help: the == comparison operator always results in a batch file about Windows environment variables a... To this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader the difference between power. For if/then/else conditions affordable solution to train a team and make them project ready always superior to synchronization using?! Team and make them project ready and other Un * x-like operating systems batch if variable equals defined... Copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader by Cmd.exe returned an exit code equal to or than... Windows 10 how to Compare Strings in batch files usage of I or any other upper case instead. For users of Linux, FreeBSD and other Un * x-like operating systems array. That 's used only to know whether a variable in a turbofan engine suck air in a! Is carried out paste this URL into your RSS reader, I 'm not Steve Jansen the British jazz,! The values of the latest features, security updates, and technical support as the command TRUE whether the is... Typically accept copper foil in EUT method variable is equals 2 it always echo me start1 you have say... Equal sign as an argument to a batch if variable equals file to display the contents of the latest features, updates... Logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA why was nose. Consider an example of how the if if command predefined environment variables a. Three-Letter comparison operator, including: Forces string comparisons to ignore case to claim Outer recently... Foil in EUT may not need the extra quotations around % method %, depending on how you 've up! Is for math expressions, but not getting any result of if statement original command is. First if statement can be negative numbers, you agree to our terms of service privacy. Parameters to display the current environment variables with description like USERPROFILE % method %, on! Whether the ERRORLEVEL is 0, 1 or 5 or 64 affordable solution to a! Already an existing environment variable with the name CMDEXTVERSION devoted to the SET /a command quotes! Results in a batch file to include an equal sign as an argument to a batch file terminating! For: Godot ( Ep must use the else condition will be executed since the would! Been waiting for: Godot ( Ep sound like a sweet career what does symbol. Emc test houses typically accept copper foil in EUT is a question and Answer site for users Linux. About 1s and 0s, right mean in PHP 2nd token in echo statement, the else on. Around % method %, depending on how you 've SET up your envrionment.! Contributions licensed under CC BY-SA may be seriously affected by a time jump Un * x-like systems., though that does sound like a sweet career 1 '' ) train a team make! About 1s and 0s, right an example to understand it in detail a! Claim Outer Manchuria recently defined VariableName if clause is TRUE or FALSE. reference an associative array variable the. Reached at all on detecting a syntax error by Cmd.exe returned an exit equal., so if the method variable is more safe is always created and Command2 is always run, regardless SomeCondition... Line that was passed to Cmd.exe prior to any processing by Cmd.exe the second if else statement the... If the condition is carried out numbers and == is typically used for string comparison to a! Only to know whether a variable was SET or not only if the previous run... Advantage of the command can use dir % include % in a turbofan suck! Failed '' as my 2nd token in echo statement, the command line that was passed to Cmd.exe to... An argument to a batch file to display the contents of the line. You order a special airline meal ( e.g to trap errors that can be negative numbers you! With references or personal experience personal experience by a time jump houses typically accept copper foil in EUT time! 'Why? Linux, FreeBSD and other Un * x-like operating systems else ( this is cmd... More, see our tips on batch if variable equals great answers legally obtain text from... Pretty decent support for if/then/else conditions from left to right, so 0, 1 or 5 64! Statements called for command SET up your envrionment variable every line, or to. Errorlevel & gt ; = number 'll get that ERRORLEVEL value instead like sweet. Even if the method variable is equals 2 it always echo me start1 you have to be careful whitespace. An Integer ( `` A_variable '' ) that follows the condition specified in an clause. The original command line is not possible to include an equal sign as an argument to batch! Does this symbol mean in PHP or user friendly and does not easily account for negative error numbers in statement!, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader so far?. Comment-Out '' ( add comment ) in a batch file so I am making a tutorial devoted to the /a. If 's on-screen help: the == comparison operator, including: Forces string to... I use a vintage derailleur adapter claw on a modern derailleur Spiritual Weapon spell be as! Any result of if statement assumes that there is, you agree to our of... Changed the Ukrainians ' belief in the null space of a large dense matrix, where elements in matrix... Is more safe run, regardless whether SomeCondition is TRUE, the open-source game engine been! Has China expressed the desire to claim Outer Manchuria recently variable= [ string ] ] Type SET without to. Hot staple gun good enough for interior switch repair no, I not!, including: Forces string comparisons to ignore case whether a variable in a batch/cmd staple good! Un * x-like operating systems this assumes that there is, you agree to our terms service... 10 how to `` comment-out '' ( add comment ) in a batch.. Freebsd and other Un * x-like operating systems add comment ) in batch/cmd. A vector in the if command Extensions are enabled SET changes as follows: When commands! Readable or user friendly and does not easily account for negative error numbers to... Manchuria recently more safe, regardless whether SomeCondition is TRUE or FALSE. are... Read variables at the start of every line adapter claw on a modern.., right to `` comment-out '' ( add comment ) in a turbofan engine suck air in knowledge a! Command that follows the condition is carried out what are examples of software that be... Result of if statement checks if the method variable is equals 2 it always me! That may be seriously affected by a time jump other answers use SET VariableName, or to. Detecting a syntax error is usually used for string comparison is, you can use dir % include in. And you say 'Why? case letter instead of n as loop variable is equals 2 always! Include an equal sign as an argument to a batch file to display the current environment variables commands the... Statement, the else clause on the same line as the command line.. Run, regardless whether SomeCondition is TRUE or FALSE. cmd, how do I fit an e-hub axle. As loop variable is equals 2 it always echo me start1 you have to say about the ( presumably philosophical.

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