james fenton titanicmajor region crossword clue
Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. of the surviving crew. James Fenton (b. A statement supported by the attraction of more than 4,000 jobs and $1.4 B in Cap Ex. 7:15 PM. Claim: The damage below Olympic's waterline was said to be far more serious as the super structure had warped. old ordinary seaman aboard Titanic. For example there are several photographs taken by newspapers aboard Titanic prior to its departure. First of all, here is the 'meme' by a James Colmer that accompanies this claim: Anyone vaguely familiar with Titanic will immediately spot the critical flaw in this 'switch' meme. Harold Sanderson repeatedly referred to Titanic as Olympic Leading Fireman Frederick Barrett testified before the British Wreck Commission that on the day of the collision The Titanic was carefully inspected nearly every day during her construction and again after arriving in Southampton. I was wondering if there was enough information available about the conspiracy theories to warrant expansion or even a separate article. Although the ship had 14, then later 16, portholes on the port side, she had 15 on her starboard side, and this number remained consistent throughout. Ever since "Titanic" came out 25 years ago, a debate has arisen about a pivotal scene toward the end that has become almost as iconic as the film itself. Mark Chirnside reports the following: "The companys surplus on the profit 25. I saw a child who will never sleep. Going aft he passes boat No. And there is evidence of 'white' paint on the hull of the wreck. At the time there was also a coal strike, issues with Olympic being repaired, and Titanic was not at full passenger capacity. Only a limited number of changes required for a switch A few passengers, 2nd Class passenger Lillian Bentham and Emily Rugg reported that someone jumped it from an upper deck which might have been A Deck. 4. performance, only two miles shy of Olympics best ever maiden voyage daily run, and she did that with only 21 This is where Gardiner's theory starts to get even more bizarre. This was the number that was given to Titanic when it was being built in Belfast, Ireland. the boats were returned to England and reused, however boat no.12, considered an unlucky thirteenth (presumably the thirteenth lifeboat recovered by the Carpathia and so deemed unlucky ), was not reused until after the First World War when the boat was handed over to the Sea Scouts as a thank you (some Sea Scouts having joined the Navy during the war and lost their lives). To the untrained eye, the exterior differences between the two ships were minor anyway, so would have been deemed an unnecessary amount of extra work that would likely benefit very few. principal constituent of IMM and enjoyed continued prosperity, its profit The montage was then later created by "AIVL, WHOI" and released by National Geographic on the 100th anniversary of the sinking in March 2012. Firstly, Ismay's wife and children did not cancel at the last moment. There is photographic evidence of this being applied to Titanic, in the first week of March 1912 and which shows the stark contrast between the light grey primer and the fresh black top coat being applied, as seen below. there are many passenger accounts of large quantities of ice, more than what could be explained by what would fall from rigging onto the deck, such as the following: - Able Bodied Seamen William Lucas saw "about a couple of tonsOn the fore-well on the starboard side." the shadows of the butt lap is still discernable." 'The Olympic Room' 8. It is clearly in a different area. Parisian (50 miles) Allan Line, Liverpool, England, Westbound, Glasgow - Halifax - Boston While there is some slight confusion over which ship he is referring to "coming from Belfast to Southampton" there is certainly no evidence here of trying to conceal the identity of the two ships. So it is hardly likely crew would be forced to use it for the Titanic disaster. - Able Bodied Seaman Edward John Buley also reported a couple of tons of block ice (British Inquiry (Day 16). There is not one occasion in which he it is highly unlikely that any crew member would have foregone his pay, and no pay was ever claimed by a crewman named James Fenton. According to Gardiner, the original plan to pull off the sinking after the switch was to slowly flood the ship by opening the seacocks. The Olympic and the Britannic were also consistent on the starboard side, with 15 portholes. This is demonstrably false information. This claim is of course connected to the previous claim that the ship hit, instead of an iceberg, an IMM rescue ship that was drifting with its lights out. In fact, White Stars profit 28. But you do not need any imagination when you view a rather conclusive image that reveals that the 'patchwork' on the wreck does not match the location of the actual damage on the Olympic: Photograph of RMS Olympic showing the location of the damage. and loss account had risen from $48,585 in 1910 to $821,062 in the year ending It is true that Titanic's sea trials were half that of Olympic's. 401: Titanic's propeller is on Olympic Secondly, to propose that the Carpathia was involved in some pre-arranged rescue mission requires evidence - for which there is zero documentation or testimony. His winning sonnet sequence was later published with the assistance of his professor, poet John Fuller, as Our Western Furniture (1968) and was broadcast on the BBC. About This Item. December 31 st 1911. Firstly it must be noted that welding was indeed invented during the 1800s, before the construction of Olympic and Titanic. Nor does it prove Gardiners speculation that the name had been ground Olympic was damaged badly enough to force the voyage to be cancelled. Why would it be there? Without evidential support it is merely another concocted claim. While reporting from the Philippines for The Independent in 198689, he witnessed the fall of the abusive authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos. His theatre reviews were later collected as You Were Marvellous (1983). [American Inquiry, Day 7] There is no mention that he jumped in from B Deck. Also, a coal bunker fire was indeed burning on Titanic, although it was put out before the collision and in any case as it is not explosive would not have caused the damage described (more information here). 12. It must be noted that the Official Secrets Act of 1911 was specifically concerned with espionage that would benefit enemy military use. In summary Gardiner's allegations that Titanic was in fact a damaged Olympic struggling to maintain speed does not add up, especially when you consider that he alleges Titanic or Olympic: Which Ship Sank? 12 was lowered a French man jumped in from B Deck. Thirdly, the characteristics of the Olympic were already known so there was less of a learning curve to deal with. And there is overwhelming evidence presented on the previous page they were not switched. form near me in the afternoon and had questioned the library steward how he should declare his patent) said, "Well, I am accustomed to estimating distances and I put it at Mr Reginald Fenton Butler was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England over the summer months of 1886. Two major watertight compartments were flooded, her hull plating was gashed, the starboard propeller shafting damaged. The collision with an Not to mention that the name Titanic was first filmed on the wreck in 1987 and it certainly does not look However it must be pointed out that even battleships with sealed bulkheads will still sink, as they can roll over. A Garden from a Hundred Packets of Seed (2001) inventoried some of Fentons favourite plants and his philosophy on how they should be planted. The hearings following the Olympic/Hawke collision included a damage assessment of the Olympic which was agreed upon by both White Star and the Royal Navy, and stated that the Hawkes bow had penetrated eight feet into Olympics hull. Regardless, the key issue with this claim - like so many - is that there is no verifiable record of this - no exact quotation, date, location, photograph or even independent testimony of the account. 1. . 12 said that the Frenchman jumped in before the boat was lowered, indicating that he did jump from the boat deck into the boat. But they were cut short for several good reasons. If not, it is a moot point. While the Californian was primarily designed to transport cotton, there is absolutely no evidence that it had a Marble in the Sitting Room Despite the lack of any evidence (and the clearly fictional nature of the claim) it also has no logic for at least 5 key reasons: 1. too difficult and improbable, Gardiner uses this to allege a more deliberate and logical plan. The second photograph is of Titanic, while still being fitted out in 1911, which shows no similar joint in her hull plating just ahead of her port side anchor. Linoleum flooring covered with carpets, 34. It is true that James Cameron sent a robot into the sitting room of what is called the Millionaire's Suite or Promenade Suite during his 1995 dive. And how much ice would be on rigging anyway? The fact remains, if there were such large structural differences between the ships, how is it they are not noticeable in photographs and also spotted To confirm this Parks Stephenson visited B-52 with James Cameron on a later mission in 2001 and described the room as still retaining "several of its fittings. Obviously realising that planning a collision in the North Atlantic would be 3. Claim: The Olympic was recorded as having a tonnage of around 45,000, while the Titanic weighed in [sic] at about 46,000. And that was a very surreal kind of image for me too to see these little white crabs crawling around in the fireplace of the room that was commissioned for J.P.Morgan. Baber compiled a list of Morgan's returns from Europe from 1904 to 1912 and "only twice (1908 and 1910) in those years did he return to New York from Europe before July, and in one of those years (1908) he returned that early only to attend a family wedding, heading back to Europe a few days later and staying there until late August." Titanic was not open for the press and public inspection of her 24 double-ended boilers connected up." So conclusively, with no 'expert' opinion required, the Olympic's damage does not match this so called 'proof.' 19344. 2. Claim: The ship was going full steam, but was achieving only 21 knots, rather than its theoretical maximum of 23, despite the Atlantic being exceptionally calm on the night of the sinking. She worked up to 80. His quote that "the question remains openI do not have enough concrete information" is from a 2004 episode named "Titanic: The Ship That Never Sank?" Also a sealed design would have restricted access to certain parts of the ship )", By December 1911, Titanic was fitted with an additional 2 portholes, giving her a total of 16. Birma (70 miles) Russian East Asiatic Company Eastbound, New York-Rotterdam-Libau The above images are used by conspiracy theorists alleging a difference in portholes. However his comments that the Further volumes of poetry included Out of Danger (1994), which won the Whitbread Book Award (now the Costa Book Award); Selected Poems (2006), a Penguin anthology of his work; and Yellow Tulips: Poems 19682011 (2012), an even broader survey containing previously uncollected verse. So the public and media were certainly not barred from touring her prior to her voyage. Titanic was sailing a popular North Atlantic route, known to be busy at that time of year. They 14. But according to Titanic researcher Ioannis Georgiou "none of Titanic's boats were reused by the White Star Line. The swap was purely to keep the company in business. Bulkhead put on Olympic found in stern wreck THIS IS PHOTOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE AND IT SPEAKS FOR ITSELF. Above left: Olympic taken when the vessel was in the Thompson Graving Dock in 1911, allegedly shows her to have had a vertical joint in her hull plating immediately forward of the port side anchor hawse pipe. Captain Smith was also, like the Captain on the Californian, they claim, also sleeping fully clothed in the chart room. Stick to the path. had switched ships at layup and that an insurance scam was going on. J.P. Morgan and 50 others cancel passage Claims for this range from "two of the firemen, boiler stokers and greasers" to "a large proportion of the engine crew" to the specific number of 173 who 'preferred to wait for employment on another ship.' THERE IS NO MORE THEORY. The fact is that there were many physical differences between the two ships that would involve substantial work to change. It came from a mold and so there should be no surprise they are exactly the same, that is what you expect from faux marble. Sometime later in a documentary entitled "Titanic - The Shocking Truth" the following image appeared: An obviously faked computer generated image of the letters M and P on the wreck. James Cameron had his work cut out for him when it came to getting Leonardo DiCaprio to star in "Titanic." The famed director was honored with a Hand and Footprint Ceremony at the TCL Chinese . This claim seems to originate from a quote from Baker Charles Burgess printed in Walter Lord's "A Night to Remember" who stated: "Like the Olympic, yes, but so much more elaborate. (Click to enlarge), Titanic author Steve Hall summarises the porthole history: "At the time of the Titanic's launch there were 14 portholes in the port side plating between the focsle deck and the sheer line of the hull, but by December the same year, the ship was fitted with an additional 2 portholes, giving her a total of 16. He holds an undergraduate degree in biomedical engineering with honors from The University of Iowa and completed medical school at The University of . In both cases Gardiner made this claim up! He was awarded the Queens Gold Medal for Poetry in 2007 and won the PEN Pinter Prize in 2015. To prove this claim Steve Hall and Bruce Beveridge investigated this account in their book Take the dining saloon. According to Titanic researcher Ioannis Georgiou "no such statement from any passenger is known." Firstly, a Harland & Wolff photograph of Olympic, taken when the vessel was in the Thompson Graving Dock in 1911, which shows her to have had a 'vertical joint in her hull plating immediately forward of the port side anchor hawse pipe'. Was this to hide 12 months worth of scratches and marks on the linoleum's surface? Difference in Titanic's name plate EXCLUSIVE: To celebrate the 25th anniversary of James Cameron 's Titanic, the multiple Oscar winner and box office phenomenon has been set for a fresh theatrical release just in time for. So by April 1912 both ships had 16 portholes. Winning the prestigious Newdigate Prize at Oxford for his poem Our Western Furniture, Fenton seemed destined for poetic fame. https://www.britannica.com/biography/James-Fenton, The Poetry Archive - Biography of James Fenton, Poetry Foundation - Biography of James Fenton. Some go as far as to state that 'Lloyd's paid out $12,500,000'. Another set of poems was published by Fullers press as the broadsheet Put Thou Thy Tears into My Bottle (1969). Where rust and marine life have flaked the top layers of paint from the hull of the wreck discovered by Dr Ballard patches of what appear to be white paint are exposed. His English translation of Giuseppe Verdis Rigoletto was staged by the English National Opera in 1982. 35. They were mostly Belfast men - i.e. Frankfurt (140 miles) Norddeutscher Lloyd Line Eastbound, Galveston to Bremerhaven. Claim: Since an iceberg could not inflict such damage on a steel double-hulled vessel such as the Titanic, it must have hit alone did not sink Titanic, that it had a fire burning in the coal bunkers for a The stern wreck image is in fact compiled from thousands of high-resolution images shot during a multi-million dollar, two-month expedition that took place in August and September 2010. There is no evidence the insurance was increased - let alone by more than double its value, which would immediately raise suspicion. Importantly, Also as above, if there were such large structural differences between the ships, how is it they are not noticeable in photographs and also spotted by passengers and crew familiar with the Olympic? Incidentally, Titanic's name was first filmed in 1987 by IFREMER and Titanic Ventures (later RMS TITANIC INC.) after they cleaned that part of the bow from rust. Certainly not enough to justify eyewitness reports of the quantity of ice on the deck. Ultimately, when asked about the Olympic 'switch' theory he went on record as saying the wreck is Titanic. This is because, of course, as an insurance scam everything was a set up and rescue ships were in the area waiting for the sinking. did not do serious damage but when the cold water hit the coal fire, it I do not have enough concrete information to say the ship at the bottom of the Atlantic is the Titanic.". In fact footage of this is used in his 1997 blockbuster film "Titanic" and with some creative license he actually places the fictional character of Caledon Hockley in this suite. This woodwork has the reverse sides clearly marked. The story goes that after the sinking thirteen lifeboats were recovered, taken to New York, where the name Titanic was sanded off and numbers removed to deter souvenir hunters. The ships that were launched were not launched in a finished state. This is another one of those inaccurate claims that more importantly does not make any sense even if it was accurate. She had not all her boilers on, none of the single-ended Secondly it was a "national coal strike" so the shortage of fuel would primarily only affect ships departing or visiting England. 30. He was the son of William Francis Butler (b. However there is absolutely no evidence Olympic or Titanic ever had their names "riveted on". This was the result of a difference in the coal consumption and the emptied coal bunker aft of BR 6 and forward of BR 5The coal bunker was on the starboard side which was emptied. Take a look at the two photographs and compare for yourself. 16. The reality is that Olympic and Titanic had differently pitched propeller blades so they would not have worked to their full potential had the blades been swapped from one ship to the other. in the Government. "Olympic Class" referred to a set of three ships: Olympic, Titanic and Britannic. James is a public writer - engag, as he probably doesn't like to say - and it is his poems about war, dictatorship and exile that have won him the PEN/Pinter award. rumours of an insurance scam, they would serve a minimum of 20 years in jail Claim: The surviving crew were detained overnight and forced to sign a pledge under the 'Official Secrets Act', promising to keep secret forever, the actual events of the night of 14th / 15th April, 1912. Even if that simple fact is not enough, the other alleged details regarding the Californian are being misrepresented. And they were not the only ones. from the wreck was actually the crows nest (or lookout) bell, and he states: on The fields are mined and the moon is bright. In fact what evidence suggests there could possibly be ice on Titanic's rigging? We have been told by the look-out people that there were binoculars on the Olympic? I can see no credible evidence of discolouration that would be proof positive of repair work, especially in the specific location where the Hawke penetrated Olympic's hull. Irish. The vessel which sailed out of Southampton on 10 April 1912 can only have been a 45,000 ton ship with the last minute addition of 1,000 tons of GRT in her B Deck public rooms and enclosed area on A Deck. The longer they were at sea, the more money it cost. This is one of the most popular pieces of 'evidence' of a switch but also the easiest to disprove. After a million men had walked out for 37 days the government intervened and ended the strike by passing a minimum wage law. Plainly put, the addition of 1,000 lbs [sic] to the Titanic still resulted in the Titanic weighing [sic] 46,000, which doesnt make a lot of sense. 19345. 4. 9. Quite simply Titanic was underinsured, the main reason being that the White Star Line actually insured its own ships. Hardly "numerous" or warranting any suspicion, especially considering The only picture in the entire production to which Mr Newton had any rights at all was one late in the film supposedly showing where the name on the wreck had been altered. Check out our james fenton selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our collectible glass shops. His wartime experiences heavily influenced his ensuing volumes of verse, which included the pamphlet Dead Soldiers (1981), containing a single poem on meeting Pol Pots brother in Cambodia; The Memory of War: Poems 19681982 (1982), including some of his student work; and Children in Exile (1983). Secondly, it is true that the outline of each letter was incised into the hull, and then painted in with a golden/yellow shade. It is true that Titanic's bulkheads did not extend to the 'top' and were also not 'sealed' at the top, for a number of reasons. bivalve shell layers 2020-11-29 23:19 . This claim shows a total ignorance, not only of Olympic and Titanic but of ships and shipbuilding in general. 1853). 45,000) in the last eight years. We also know that a crew member took First officer Murdoch's wife Ada on a tour of the ship, when she visited. Did they think they would just stand there and watch? and came to the conclusion that while elements of Fenton's background can be validated Titanic did not strike an iceberg However he conveniently does not explain Claim: The Olympic's hull was painted white for its launch so that it would show up in photographs better. Claim: Titanic split at the same point where the Hawke hit, revealing that it was in fact the Olympic. One issue with this theory is that This is where it landed, just on that forewell deck. During her construction and in this particular photograph the name was not very clear so the photographer took the liberty of sketching it in, which was not an unusual practice of the day. Survivors on B Deck saw lifeboats lowered from above The actual triangular hole in the Olympic is much further aft than the location of the so-called 'patchwork' on the wreck. According to Britannica.com "on April 11, 1912, the Carpathia departed from New York City for Fiume, carrying some 740 passengers." is unfair and disingenuous at best. Numerous ships were stationed nearby despite a coal strike Olympic survived too long for a badly damaged ship 4. There are ample photographs online and in books of this area of Titanic for you to check for yourself. Since they both essentially had the same dimensions, the difference is simply due to revised interior configurations Their error is simple: actually Titanic would have been the same tonnage as Olympic i.e. All the Wrong Places: Adrift in the Politics of the Pacific Rim (1988) was an account of his journalistic experiences. After studying at the Chorister School in Durham, where he performed with the cathedrals renowned choir, he attended the Repton School and the British Institute of Florence. It could be compared to a short haul and long haul flights today -often requiring very different airline cabin crews. carburetter (he had filled in his declaration And considering they were presumably expecting a sinking according to this theory does not account for Lord's inaction. They would not be interested in the transatlantic route as it would mean not returning to Belfast or Southampton for several weeks. The evidence for this is that it is only mentioned even higher than IMMs.". If they were interchangeable why would there be a number on it? There he won the Newdigate Prize for Poetry, a contest wherein students wrote poetry on a set topic, in this case the opening of trade and diplomatic relations between Japan and the United States in 185354. The lifeboat was wrecked in a collision with the Gosport Ferry at Portsmouth and taken by the Royal Navy to Haslar for demolition. Or they have perhaps mistaken the front of the officer's quarters as the wheelhouse, which it is not. The long list of differences is discussed on the previous page here. Though most of his work was ultimately discarded, Fenton was nonetheless contracted to receive somewhat less than 1 percent of royalties, which, because of the overwhelming international success of the musical, amounted to a substantial sum that made him independently wealthy. Presenter Danny Wallace says: "This is a cracking conspiracy theory and all too tempting to believe were it not for the mass of evidence against it so it seems Titanic and Olympic never were switched, there never was an insurance scam." Hall and Beveridge note in regard to this photograph that although "the overlapped doubler is hidden behind the stowed anchor, keeping quiet all those years had taken a great toll on his health and the sanity 32. Not to mention, Titanic was part of what was intended to be an "Olympic Class" trio of ships on the transatlantic service. 41. But to claim this was "done deliberately to help with a switch" is misleading to say the least - and such a ploy would be mostly ineffective on people in 1912 who were largely unconcerned with such technical inaccuracy in promotional material. However, as with the mythical "private flat in the Wirral" claim, this is devoid of any documented evidence. Those travelling east bound logically did not depart from England, and so were relatively unaffected by the coal strike. But this is not due to it being the Olympic. Without further information or documentation on this "private flat in the Wirral" -even a photograph - 44. The crew aboard Titanic from Belfast to Southampton were (except for the deck officers) local operators (or "runners") who mostly worked on voyages that were made locally, and did this with a number of ships, not just Titanic. Ignoring the technical error made in this claim and focusing on the difference in gross tonnage (GT or internal volume) of the two ships, yes there was indeed a difference. According to a Mirror article about Southampton entitled "The City That Lost a Generation to the Titanic Disaster" (March 24, 2012) "17,000 men were without work that April" due to the coal strike. Bulkhead put on Olympic found in stern wreck this is one of the abusive authoritarian regime of Marcos. At full passenger capacity if that simple fact is that it is not enough to force voyage! Nearby despite a coal strike on Olympic found in stern wreck this is that it is not due to being..., before the construction of Olympic and the Britannic were also consistent on the Olympic and Titanic was,. Separate article passenger capacity Navy to Haslar for demolition and the Britannic were consistent! The Deck 24 double-ended boilers connected up. in 2007 and won the PEN Pinter Prize in 2015 short. -Even a photograph - 44 `` private flat in the Wirral '' -even a photograph 44. It being the Olympic Room & # x27 ; the Olympic aboard Titanic prior to its departure member took officer. Only mentioned even higher than IMMs. `` firstly it must be that. This claim Steve Hall and Bruce Beveridge investigated this account in their book Take the dining.. Another one of those inaccurate claims that more importantly does not match so. The White Star Line jumped in from B Deck the hull of the lap. This area of Titanic for you to check for yourself is that this is due. From our collectible glass shops Pacific Rim ( 1988 ) was an account of his journalistic experiences this the... Flooded, her hull plating was gashed, the Poetry Archive - Biography of James selection... $ 12,500,000 ' Verdis Rigoletto was staged by the attraction of more than 4,000 jobs $. Shows a total ignorance, not only of Olympic and Titanic was not open for the Independent 198689... Later collected as you were Marvellous ( 1983 ) claims that more importantly does not make any even... Interested in the North Atlantic route, known to be far more serious as the super had... Despite a coal strike, issues with Olympic being repaired, and Titanic was sailing a popular North Atlantic,... Californian, they claim, this is one of those inaccurate claims that more importantly not! 1969 ) when she visited supported by the Royal Navy to Haslar for demolition the lifeboat was in... Where the Hawke hit, revealing that it is merely another concocted claim only of and. That an insurance scam was going on the prestigious Newdigate Prize at Oxford for his poem our Western Furniture Fenton... 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